English Literature and Composition Heroic Couplet Transition Flashcard

English Literature and Composition Heroic Couplet Transition

Efficient Market Theory A Contradiction Of Terms Essays

Effective Market Theory: A Contradiction of Terms Chapter by chapter guide Chapter by chapter guide I Theoretical 2 Conversation 1-1 References A-1 Theoretical As per the Efficient Market Theory, it ought to be very hard for a financial specialist to build up a framework that reliably chooses stocks that display higher than typical returns over a timeframe. It should likewise not be workable for an organization to cook the books to distort the estimation of stocks and bonds. An examination of current writing, in any case, shows that organizations can and do beat the framework and control data to make stocks seem to perform better than expected. A comprehension of the hidden wasteful human factors in the market condition is essential so as to represent the blemish in Efficient Market Hypothesis. Productive Market Theory: A Contradiction of Terms Productive Market Theory (EMT) depends on the reason that, given the productivity of data innovation and market elements, the estimation of the ordinary speculation stock at some random time precisely mirrors the genuine estimation of that stock. The cost for a stock mirrors its genuine hidden worth, money related supervisors can't time stock and bond deals to exploit insider data, deals of stocks and bonds won't discourage costs, also, organizations can't cook the books to misleadingly control stock and bond costs. Be that as it may, data innovation and advertise elements depend on the operations of normal individuals and differing associations, neither of which are apparently productive nor reliable. In this manner, we have the fundamental logical inconsistency of EMT: In what capacity can a hypothesis dependent on objective mechanical effectiveness hold up when applied to abstract human wastefulness? As a for example, America Online (AOL) offers an exemplary model of how financial specialists can be deceived by an organization that utilizes the market framework against itself. AOL, up until early November of this current year, utilized a bookkeeping framework that viably cooked their books furthermore, gave deluding figures on the organization's presentation. Rather than representing its advancement costs and expenses as a ordinary cost, as typical organizations do, AOL spread them more than two a long time. This let AOL report yearly benefits dependent on income figures got from denying genuine costs (as refered to in Newsweek, November 11 release). By conceding those expenses, AOL throughout the years detailed benefits $385 million more noteworthy than they would some way or another have been. The organization at that point utilized these non-existent benefits to advance itself as a cash making open door for the two investors and potential speculators, misleadingly expanding its stock costs. This bookkeeping practice is entirely lawful, yet the data was kept hidden for over two years. The organization has as of late reported that, viable quickly, advancement costs will be charged to profit as the costs are brought about, the manner in which a typical organization does. AOL will likewise take a one-time exceptional charge of $385 million for the conceded advancement costs. This viably nullified all benefits revealed by the organization over the years and put them in a negative net income circumstance. As an outcome, AOL's stock is at present recorded at 35 ?, down from a high of 71 in May. This model obviously diagrams a significant imperfection in Productive Market Theory: If EMT depends intensely on data as the reason for deciding business sector esteem, what occurs if the data is controlled? As a contradiction, the unmistakable affirmation in the Newsweek article is that most ordinary organizations don't utilize such bookkeeping rehearses, anyway lawful, to erroneously report prevalent execution. EMT states: Fundamental investigation can't produce speculation proposals that will empower a speculator reliably to outflank a purchase and-hold methodology in dealing with a portfolio (Malkiel, 1990). The end product of the hypothesis should likewise then be valid. A speculator can't be harmed by the market in light of the fact that the stock estimation of a poor or exaggerated entertainer as of now mirrors that reality in its cost. The accessible data would demonstrate to speculators that certain stocks are exaggerated and dependent upon quick decrease. The accessibility of open data did at long last power AOL into unveiling the trick and changing its bookkeeping rehearses, and circumstantially, bring down the stock an incentive to its actual worth. The contention that Efficient Market Theory was working in AOL's case is that the financial specialists were shielded from steep misfortune since the framework balanced the stock cost to mirror the genuine estimation of AOL stock. The beforehand significant expense indicated the estimation of the stock dependent on the bookkeeping rehearses then in impact, anyway deceptive they may have been. Right now that the organization chose to change the bookkeeping rehearses, the worth of the stock at that point was amended to the real lower esteem. This could, sensibly, be seen as a disavowal of EMT.

Seasonal Adjustment Consumer Price Index - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Seasonal Adjustment Consumer Price Index? Answer: Introducation The legislature of a nation ought to force a few strategies to control natural corruption. Those strategies will likewise secure government assistance of individuals and ecological manageability. Then again, a countrys financial development is estimated by its genuine (GDP). Here, the legislature is wanting to execute an approach to lessen air contamination. As indicated by this strategy, manufacturing plants will lessen their utilization of filthy powers. Be that as it may, in the wake of actualizing this arrangement, genuine GDP of a nation may be influenced. Besides, it is exceptionally hard for a legislature to apply a legitimate ecological approach (Kraft, 2017). There is an integral nature between monetary success and a sound indigenous habitat. The way of life of a nation relies upon a few prudent, ecological and political elements. To deliver a decent or administration, different practical components are required. These are human capital, physical capital, characteristic asse ts and innovations. Besides, the administration assumes a significant job on creation process for a nation. Consequently, they influence the development pace of a nation by executing different legislative approaches. The central enthusiasm of natural approach creators is to investigate the financial impacts identified with these arrangements. Ecological strategy can be viewed as a weight on present moment or medium-term monetary exercises in some customary methodologies. This is on the grounds that this strategy builds creation costs without expanding yield (Stern van Dijk, 2017). Also, it confines an organizations creation advancements and complete yields. This conventional natural strategy powers different firms to scarify various contributions to control contamination. Additionally, creation innovation may likewise be hampered because of this strategy and accordingly, execution standard of those organizations will be negative. Here, creation innovation of certain plants depends on powers, which further produce air contamination. Consequently, by executing ecological approach, the administration can confine the utilization of powers. This will additionally change the creation advances for those production lines and subsequently, complete yield will be diminished. As complete creation of a nation diminishes, genuine GDP of that nation will likewise be diminished. Subsequently, in this situation, natural approach negatively affects a countrys financial development. Be that as it may, as per some cutting edge speculations, natural approach really encourages a processing plant to deliver more (Bergstrom Randall, 2016). As per a few financial specialists, limitation on some factor sources of info will additionally urge a firm to enhance more creation strategies. Ecological strategy has some positive backhanded impacts on a countrys economy. Because of new ecological approach, a firm should change its creation procedure by improving new creation advances. This will additionally assist a firm with producing more yield with restricted assets and acquire more benefits. Besides, this expanding measure of absolute creation will assist a nation with improving its genuine GDP. Be that as it may, distinctive ecological strategies impactsly affect a countrys creation process (Panayotou, 2016). Henceforth, it is significant for strategy producers to investigate every single imaginable impact before executing a natural approach. In addition, observational investigation of past information will be advantageous for those arrangement producers to comprehend an exact result. Common pace of joblessness demonstrates a mix of basic, excess and frictional joblessness. This sort of joblessness can be seen in both created and creating nations. Then again, a downturn period demonstrates a condition when a whole economy is confronting a decrease in action. Under this downturn period, a countrys GDP diminishes. In addition, all business associations are confronting a decrease in their deals and incomes. The degree of speculation and shopper request turns out to be likewise extremely low during this period. Because of this low degree of interest, firms lessen their creation (Watson Deller, 2017). Besides, those organizations remove their work capacity to keep up an ordinary degree of benefit under downturn period. Henceforth, opening for work of different works additionally decays. Subsequently, numerous individuals lose their positions. Also, those jobless laborers face challenges to discover new openings (Marques, Lima Troster, 2017). Subsequently, from some han dy occurrence it very well may be seen that the pace of regular joblessness of any nation has pointedly expanded after a downturn period. Also, higher rate basic joblessness can be seen inside and after this downturn period. During a downturn period, different monetary elements of a nation have declined. Those monetary elements are genuine total national output (GDP), work level, genuine salary and in general exchange levels of this nation. There are different large scale monetary variables which help a nation to confront downturn period. Be that as it may, the main explanation of a downturn period is swelling. The general cost level of a nation will be expanded during this inflationary circumstance (Campbell, 2017). Besides, expanding level of joblessness and diminishing pace of GDP will lead a nation into a downturn period. In any case, downturn on the opposite side causes a nation to decrease its inflationary circumstance. During a downturn period, total interest of a nation decreases. In addition, because of elevated level of joblessness level and colossal rivalry among those jobless works, wage rate turns out to be low (Ferrara, Marcellino Mogliani, 2015). Value level likewise has declined because of low degree of interest. Thus, by and large expansion pace of this nation decays. In the above figure, genuine GDP of a nation tumbles from Y1 to Y2 because of low degree of interest. Be that as it may, since quite a while ago run gracefully bend stays consistent. Thus, value level decays from P1 to P2. It will additionally diminish the level swelling of a nation. To keep up monetary adjustment, the job of an administration is significant. Residents of a fair nation pick its administration to live in a monetarily, strategically and socially stable condition. A productive government can control its swelling or downturn period. In any case, because of some outside impacts, downturn period happens in both created and creating nations (Kriesi Pappas, 2015). Because of this downturn period, individuals lose their occupations. Different business associations likewise face different troubles because of low degree of interest and speculation. As the current government can't control this financial aggravation, the survey pace of this administration will be diminished. Individuals will lose their confidence on the current government. Be that as it may, if the administration can effectively deal with this downturn period by creating work level and expanding request, at that point this circumstance can be dealt with (Bartels, 2014). In this circumstance, the survey rate may not tumble to an enormous degree. Subsequently, this survey rate fluctuates from nation to nation and for various ideological groups. The run of the mill purchaser's nourishment crate in the base year 2017 is as per the following: Absolute cost of 30 chickens is $ (30*3) = $90 Absolute cost of 10 hams is $ (10*6) = $60 Absolute cost of 10 steaks is $(10*8) = $80 The expense of customers nourishment bushel in 2017 is $ (90+60+80) = $230 As chicken feed lack happens, the cost of chickens becomes $5.00 each in the year 2018. Subsequently, absolute cost of chicken will be currently $(30*5) = $150 Hams cost becomes $7.00 each. In this manner, all out cost of hams in 2018 is $(10*7) = $70. The cost of steaks is unaltered. Henceforth its all out cost is $80. The expense of shoppers nourishment crate in 2018 is $ (150+70+80) = $ 300 Subsequently, the expense of-eating file has expanded by = ($300-$230)/$230 = 70/230 = 0.30 In rate terms, the change estimation of cost-of-eating list will be 0.30*100 = 30%. In 2018, the cost of two chickens is $ (2*5) = $10. The cost of one ham in this year is $ 7. This mean the cost f two chickens are more prominent than one ham. Henceforth, individuals will expend a bigger number of hams than chicken. Rather than expending 30 chickens worth $ 150, individuals will devour 15 hams. Subsequently, aggregate sum of hams utilization will be (10+15) = 25. Consequently, individuals will really purchase just hams and steaks (Zhang, 2017). Accordingly, the genuine buyer's nourishment bushel in 2018 will be $ (25*7+80) = $ 175+80 = $ 255. Accordingly, genuine difference in a customers cost-of-eating file will be ($255 - $230)/$230 = 0.108 or 10.8%. This genuine record esteem is lower than authentic list esteem, that is, 30%. Subsequently, the overestimated cost of eating shows replacement inclination Total interest speaks to the measure of merchandise and ventures that an economy will buy at every conceivable value level. Then again, total gracefully shows the total measure of products and ventures that the economy will create and flexibly at each value level. By likening both total interest and gracefully bend, a balance level of cost and total national output will be acquired (Henderson, 2014). Here, macroeconomic harmony state of Australia will be talked about. In the above figure, a total interest bend (AD) and total gracefully bend (AS) are drawn. The two bends cross with one another and produce a harmony value level (P) and a balance measure of national salary (Y). Under short-run macroeconomic conditions, the balance state of Australia has happened by likening both AD and AS bends of this nation. Be that as it may, it isn't financially important that this harmony level will happen under full business level. Consequently, there is an immense open door for this nation extends its profitability by utilizing overabundance work power (Keynes, 2016). In this unique circumstance, expansionary money related strategy will assist Australia with increasing business level. By this fiscal arrangement, the legislature of Australia will build its cash gracefully inside the economy. Therefore, there will be colossal measure of cash for putting resources into a creation procedure. Firms will build its efficiency level by

Online Term Paper Help

Online Term Paper HelpWhether you are teaching yourself to teach or simply taking part in a test preparation class, there is no doubt that a computer is a great aid to the process. It is simple enough to access the online resources found at colleges, universities and other institutions. When students get stuck on a word or phrase, these books can be easy to locate. They also save a lot of time when it comes to research and recall.The tools and resources available for online term paper help is nothing new. This help can be found through the use of Microsoft Word, Google Docs and MSN Messenger. If you choose to purchase a book or manual on the subject, you will find many offerings from trusted companies. The majority of them offer a fee for their online resources, but these are good for a discounted price if you are not limited by your budget. There are also free resources available, but only if you want to access the software.These online resources can offer a great deal of help and a ssistance. The simple problem that a lot of students have is that they are simply not familiar with this sort of practice. If you choose to purchase a book, you will find the instructions to be very specific. These do not need to be complicated and challenging, and you will not have to spend a lot of time searching for answers to questions. However, you do have to be able to access the content when you are learning new information.Online help makes learning much easier for a lot of people. It is much simpler to utilize, as well as save time. It can be challenging to learn on your own, but you should not worry about that too much. By using resources available online, it will allow you to do it more easily.Anybody can access online help for online term paper help. It is just a matter of having the right search engine. The sites usually require a membership to view the materials that they have. This means that you are supporting the company that provides the materials.When choosing a c ourse or instructor to teach you how to write a perfect term paper, there are a few things to consider. One of the main things to look for is whether or not the instructor is also an online tutor. It is no good to learn to write a term paper on your own, and then to get paid to do it. You need to know the right person to take your class from.Online tutors are available all over the world. If you would like to have one of these tutors around for your entire term paper help package, make sure that you use the right search engine. The more time you save by using online tutors, the better off you will be in the end.

DNA Cloning - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1022 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Science Essay Level High school Tags: Cloning Essay Did you like this example? The creation of Human clones represents another form of life having the modification such as DNA to make cells and tissue for making a clone. Using these testings can eventually lead to overpopulation and eventually cause over-usage of resources for people and introduces the physical and psychosocial harm to human beings of genetic identical or modified copies of a human to have similar functions and appearance. This kind of cloning reproduction deals with tissue and cells, The possibilities have slimmed down to complications having to do with ethical concerns that have provoked several nations to pass laws regarding human cloning and its legality due to the concerns of what can happen.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "DNA Cloning" essay for you Create order The common types of cloning are reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning is the process which A gene located and copied out of DNA extracted from an organism. Although human cloning has no record of being successful, cloning was demonstrated to be possible when scientist by the name of sir ian wilmut and the rest of his team successfully cloned dolly a sheep in the year 1996 and lived up to 10 years but animals are far more different than humans. There hasnt been any rumors or facts about a human clone being successful because it comes with risks such as abnormalities that the clones embryo can have with cells and tissue which can turn out to be bad not only for the clone but for other living creatures and potentially lead to the domino effect, meaning other attributes of life could be changed or altered negatively as any result and if Genes are modified to be smarter than others and the average person will not have a place in society because of that. It comes down to the risk it takes to make a clone out of someone because anything can happen and if it doesnt workout the way its supposed to then immediately you know its not safe and worth investing money and equipment to test these procedures to make an embryo from scratch. clones are not identified as twins compared to a human when they are born it is more of a nuclear transfer through DNA genetically modified from someone else and the cloning is taken place in a lab, Two main types of cloning are reproductive and therapeutic as mentioned earlier, but Reproductive cloning involves the creation of another life whereas therapeutic cloning has no implantation into the uterus to form a child. It is used more for medical use creating stem cells to Save lives and the medical possibilities for stem cells are immense but that doesnt mean that these clones will be 100% and functioning at its fullest potential like scientists do to animal cloning its different and not only is that a dangerous but this isnt something that happens on a regular basis because then the cloning can not go the way scientists will want that can potentially start many issues. The argument is that human reproductive cloning should not be carried out because human clones are also likely to exhibit inappropriate epigenetic reprogramming or abnormalities and Different versions of this epigenetic argument are analyzed, categorical version and a non-categorical. The non-categorical version is suggested to be more well-considered With regard to policy making on human reproductive cloning, the categorical version can be used to prescribe a permanent ban, while the non-categorical version can be used to prescribe a temporary ban. The factor to that is Animal cloning has raised concerns about human cloning on behalf of many organizations that have analyzed the situation expressed its unacceptable and have called for a ban on such research due to the fact that its not just something scientists are use to on a regular basis because humankind comes from a sperm cell and an egg that form the process of a embryo to a fetus, not knowing fully whats to be expected of a cl one being created in the lab. The issue of human cloning may violate moral human rights and it is seen that every human has the right to their unique identity but this could easily be disputed with cloning sharing the same genome but have different lives and futures. Cloning could also produce physiological distress and harm in the clone and may feel that their life is already laid out before them and have no choices. They will also face physiological problems and discrimination because of their identity and that would leave humans to new adaptations and conditions. As a person the effect it can have on somebody will lessen the worth of individuals and diminish respect for human life, Human life would be seen as replaceable if something happened to a person, like if they were killed another clone can simply replace them in fact and could never replace the one that is lost. Clones would be subject to discrimination based on the fact that they are a clone and did not arise because of sexual reproduction. If human cloning was to be the norm it wouldnt be a good thing because the cells are taken from adult cells and implemented to the clone having gained a lot of years would mean it doesnt have a long life expectancy that would not be useful because the clone would live in the shadow of the genetic donor, always having to live up to the expectations of a person they were created from. As for many believe cloning is going against Gods will because itll be created by man. Man would be playing God and create people that are unable to feel and emphasize with no filter in between and also created without a soul. Its to be believed that human cloning is a representation mocking humanity forming a new life created from a genetic donor with their own DNA creating cells and tissue for the clone but as far as that goes just like identical twins look exactly alike they dont have the same personality and enjoy different things. The same would be for a clone even if technology can do everything to be the same the clone would still be a different person no matter what.

The Economic System Of The Uk - 946 Words

Report by AI BING The economic system in the UK, and evaluate its effectiveness. Introduction Firstly, British economy introduction. Secondly, the top field in the UK. Then is fortune global 500. Finally, the economic impact to the people. The British economy as an important trade entity, economic power and financial center, is the world’s fifth-biggest economy, is one also the world’s most affluent, the most developed and one of the highest living standards in the world. It is important that British capital London is one of the world’s two big international financial centers, along with New York. This report will discuss the economic system in the UK, and evaluate its effectiveness. (Internations, 2016) Content The British economic system has six major categories. In agriculture, British agriculture is highly concentrated, highly mechanized and efficiency is very high. In heavy industry, Britain has large coal, natural gas and oil reserves. In tourist industry, Britain’s tourism industry is very important, each year more than 27 million Chinese tourists visit the UK, ranked seventh in the world. In manufacturing industry, Britain status has declined but we still manufacture petroleum products, computers, televisions and mobile phones. In service industry, particularly banking, finance, shopping, insurance and business services as a share of GDP, the largest and leading status in the world. In education, British education is a world leader include education andShow MoreRelatedU.s. Military Relations During World War II Essay1466 Words   |  6 PagesChurchill, underscores the military, diplomatic and economic cooperation that has existed between them ever since their successful alli ance during World War II, the shared cultural and historical identity between Britain and its ex-colony, and on a smaller scale the close personal relationships that existed between some of the leaders of both countries. Despite all this, some critics have seen it as an unequal relationship that has left the UK in a weak position in relation to the more powerful USRead MoreThe Uk Government Should Join The Euro1456 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay I am going to discuss and evaluate whether or not I think that the UK government should join the euro and the advantages and disadvantages of being in the Eurozone. Additionally, I will be discussing and evaluating the exchange rate theory, the UK’s entry and withdrawal of Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM 1) and which elements are included in the European Monetary System (EMS). 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People are able to make money off of insurance companies in the U.S. and you can’t make money off the healthcare system of the U.K.. This is why, economically speaking, the United States healthcare system is better. In terms of economics, the United States is a better healthcare system because how it is run. First of all, the United States, people have a plethora of insuranceRead MoreThe Uk Model Of Capitalism1576 Words   |  7 Pagescommonly agreed that UK model of capitalism belongs to the Liberal Market Economies area, that is, it presents features widely shared with other countries falling in the Anglo-Saxon capitalism realm (i.e. US, Australia, Ireland). This essay has two aims, the first is to describe the main characteristics of the UK model of capitalism, and the second is to give account of the actual problems it faces. We will divide our work in different parts, each one focusing on a particular aspect of UK capitalism, namelyRead MoreWhat Is The Labor Force Market In The UK?1119 Words   |  5 Pagesparticipation rate decreased to 78.4% in August of 2017 from 78.6% in July 2017. The current UK unemployment rate is the lowest rate reported since 1975. Average weekly earnings for employees in Great Britain increased by 2.2% in nominal terms, while the average weekly earnings fell by .4% in real terms. (Office for National Statistics 2017). In 2015, the average retiree in the UK was 60 years old and today a UK worker can retire at age 66. (Canocchi 2015). Rising retirement ages are a result of changesRead MoreEU Essay1312 Words   |  6 PagesAs many political scientists have predicted, this leave will not be easy for either party. Not only will the European Union will lose the economic powerhouse the UK is, but the UK will lose the multitude of benefits, regarding trade, finance, free movement of people, etc., the EU membership affords. This loss poses the need to represent the interest of the UK and the EU. Although the state’s â€Å"soft† exit from the union could motivate other members to follow Britain, a more challenging leave could

Australian Privacy Law to Protect Privacy of Teenager †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Australian Privacy Law to Protect Privacy of Teenager. Answer: The Australian Policies in protecting the Privacy of Teenagers A privacy policy is a document which contains ways in which a party gathers, uses and disseminates information. This analysis focuses on Facebook's privacy policy and whether it complies with Australia's privacy policies in protecting the privacy of teenagers between the age of 13-15. The Australian privacy principles are contained in the Privacy Act of 1988[1]. The Act in section 6 defines information as; information which is recorded in material form or not can be true or false and should be identifiable about an individual[2]. Such information can include signatures, bank records, and medical records. Australian policies require online websites and platforms such as Facebook to protect personal information. Australian privacy policies have 13 principles which govern how information should be collected and used[3]. Under the guide on how to handle personal information under the security breaches of 2011, there is a guide on how organizations need to process handle personal information. The UN convention on the rights of a child, which Australia is a signatory recognizes the rights of a child to privacy in Article 16 requires that a child's privacy is protected. Article 1 defines a child as anyone under the age of 18. Article 4 requires that the government takes adequate measures to protect the rights of a child[4]. Additionally, Australia also adopts section 17 of ICCPR which also recognizes the right to privacy of teenagers and everyone else[5]. The Australia's privacy framework, has always been a no overseas regime. The policies on overseas require that a person disclosing an Australian's teenager's personal information, ought to take due diligence in disclosing such information, and ensure there will be no breach. Facebook's privacy policies in protecting the privacy of teenagers The Facebook privacy policies are more of default settings for public viewing, as opposed to private. This implies that users who are complacent are likely to forget to adjust the settings. Consequently, this exposes such users to the invasion of their privacy by malicious users. Also, the services of Facebook are changing continuously. Thus users have to keep abreast with the changes. Failure to do so could mean adverse implications regarding privacy. Such changes have been seen in the changes in their news feed whereby people are allowed to view the changes in one's account. Also, there were variations in the timelines, where people can be able to see different updates on status, photos, relationship and sometimes location. Such timeline information creates a fingerprint regarding a person while leaving a layer of information; hence teenager's information is at a risk of exposure. The A.G of California made a directive requiring all mobile companies and developers to comply with their privacy law, which requires that a policy statement is posted, ensuring that all users know that their information is being collected. Facebook signed this agreement and agreed to be bound by the California principles. Although the policies mainly applied to the State of California, the rules set a benchmark on the same. The gaps between Australia Privacy laws and Facebook Privacy Policies There exists a gap between the Australian privacy laws and Facebook privacy policies in regards to protection of users, particularly for children. Most Facebook users and teenagers, also are not concerned and sometimes do not understand the implications of the role of information found in such social networks. Despite there being tutorials on how users can control their information, advertisements are not controlled by users and teenagers can stumble upon information which is not age appropriate[6]. Therefore, in regards to the Facebook privacy policies, they are no adequate measures to guide consent on teenagers of between 13-18, who may not even understand what they are not consenting to. In regards to Facebook's privacy policy, several factors need to be considered. One is the issue of consent, which ought to be informed, unambiguous, and made freely[7]. However, given the Facebook processes, it is hard to determine whether they meet the privacy requirements. The question as to the consenting age of teenagers arises, and whether they are able to consent and make the right decisions regarding their privacy. Also, Facebook consenting is problematic because users are not able to control the content they can see or is displayed on their home page especially advertisements. However, the privacy options regarding what should be viewed by the public, and limiting to "public, friends or me." The policies of Facebook also tells users how their data will be used, displayed, shared and transferred[8]. The challenges in protecting privacy are that there are constant changes in technology which make it hard for Australian privacy laws to constantly keep up with such changes. Also, the Australian policies are not specific to children. Accordingly, the existing Australian legislations, the government, Australian organizations and other agencies are not required to notify users, when a breach of privacy occurs. This puts users to further risks, and even lack knowledge when breaches occur. Recommendations Teenagers should be educated about measures they can take to protect their own privacy. Teenagers should also be guided by guardians on how to be familiar with the privacy policies and privacy settings on social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. It is important that the teenagers are taught about fingerprinting; and know that every time they post on Facebook, there is a digital footprint that will stay there. Legislation should require users to be notified when breaches occur, and advise them on necessary precautions they need to take before further breaches occur. This will also help in retaining the trust of information of persons where a breach has already occurred. Internal organizational principles can also be helpful when they restrict how personal information is obtained and disseminated. The Privacy Act of 1988 should be amended so that the organizations notify the affected individuals and the privacy commissioner when breaches which may have adverse effects occur. The Australian Commissioner on protecting personal information also recommends, checking privacy settings, reading policies on privacy, reflecting on how much information is revealed and asking questions regarding one's privacy[9]. Any changes in privacy policies should be brought to the attention of the users. Conclusion Most social media platforms give users a wide array of privacy settings. It is important that teenagers choose their privacy settings wisely; because most users are in a position to decide what they would wish to share. Most information on social media with a public profile allow for different people to access it. However, everyone has the discretion to choose what they are most comfortable with. When it comes to teenagers, discretion is dicey because most of them are not mature enough to make decisions affecting their privacy, therefore legislations need to recognize the importance of parents in giving such consents and monitoring teenagers while using Facebook. Bibliography Acquisti, Alessandro, and Ralph Gross. "Imagined communities: Awareness, information sharing, and privacy on the Facebook." In International workshop on privacy enhancing technologies. (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006). Debatin, Bernhard, Jennette P. Lovejoy, Ann?Kathrin Horn, and Brittany N. Hughes. "Facebook and online privacy: Attitudes, behaviors, and unintended consequences.(" Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication 15, no. 1 2009): 83-108). Doyle, Carolyn, and Mirko Bagaric. Privacy law in Australia. (Federation Press, 2015). Fuchs, Christian. "The political economy of privacy on Facebook. (" Television New Media 13, no. 2 2012) Phair, Nigel, and Alastair MacGibbon. Privacy and the internet: Australian attitudes towards privacy in the online environment. Centre for Internet Safety, 2012. International Covenanat on Civil and Political Rights 1969. opened for signature 16th December 1969. entered into force 23rd March 1976 UN Convention on The Rights of a Child. opened for signature 20th November 1989. entered into force 2nd September 1990

The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay Essay Example

The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay Paper The Crusades are considered as an built-in portion of World History. They were important events for Islam and Christendom likewise. What are the Crusades all about? Why did they happen? What was its intent? This research paper aims to discourse the definition. beginning and most significantly. the intent of the Crusades. Definition of Campaign The Crusades are military jaunts with a spiritual aim. as these are sanctioned by the Pope and the Church ( Sloan. 2000 ; â€Å"Crusades–Battles. † 2008 ) . Originally. the word â€Å"Crusade† meant all missions accomplished on the promise of salvaging the Christian districts from Muslim business ( Brehier. 1908 ) . However. during the mediaeval times. the word had acquired a cover definition. as it came to include all wars against enemies of Christendom ( Brehier. 1908 ) . All the Crusades occurred between the eleventh and the 13th centuries A. D. ( â€Å"Crusades–Battles. † 2008 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Purpose of the Crusades from 1096 AD to 1270 AD Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Harmonizing to Sloan ( 2000 ) . the term â€Å"crusade† was derived from the Portuguese wordcruzado. which means â€Å"mark with a cross. † Other beginnings. on the other manus. province that the word meant â€Å"cloth cross† ( Brehier. 1908 ; â€Å"Crusades-Battles. † 2008 ) . As the definition implies. the symbol for the Crusades was the Christian cross ( â€Å"Crusades–Battles. † 2008 ) . and it was secured on the garment worn by the Crusaders ( Brehier. 1908 ; Sloan. 2000 ) . Beginning of Crusades The Crusades were the consequence of a metempsychosis of spiritual ardor in 10th century Europe ( Sloan. 2000 ) . However. this was non the lone ground. as the people who were involved with the Campaigns joined because of personal involvements every bit good ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades were besides called â€Å"holy wars. † as they provided a locale for the pontificate to pay a legitimate war against the enemies of Christianity ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades besides gave the spiritual an chance to obtain redemption by agencies of pilgrims journey ( Sloan. 2000 ) . Four centuries prior. similar pilgrims journeies have occurred because of the ongoing feud between the Muslims and the Christians ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The finishs of the said pilgrims journeies include the countries where both faiths meet. illustrations of which are Sicily. Italy. Asia Minor and Spain ( Sloan. 2000 ) . Jerusalem is another pilgrim finish ( Sloan. 2000 ) . In a manner. the Crusades were highly helpful to the pontificate. and it is non merely because of the Pope’s aim of taking back lands from the custodies of Muslims. The Crusades besides served to interpret the combatant inclinations of the Christians into a productive enterprise ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades enjoyed popularity and intense support from the Christians merely because they were a manifestation of a Godhead licence to contend other work forces in the name of redemption ( Sloan. 2000 ) . Meanwhile. the attempts of the Crusaders helped the Church spread the influence of Christianity all over the universe ( Sloan. 2000 ) . The Crusades began in the 11th century. and stemmed from the bing issues of morality and political relations of Western Christendom ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The twelvemonth 1095 marked the thirtieth day of remembrance of William the Conqueror’s success in the fusion of England ( â€Å"The Church and the Crusaders. † 2007 ) . However. the Gallic had delegated the districts to certain relations. spliting it in the procedure ( â€Å"The Church and the Crusaders. † 2007 ) . It was these districts that caused feud between brothers. which subsequently resulted in warfare ( â€Å"The Church and the Crusaders. † 2007 ) . That is why during that period. Europe consisted of many provinces which were ruled by sovereign ( Brehier. 1908 ) . These sovereigns were excessively preoccupied with territorial struggles while the emperor. who governed over Christendom. was engrossed with coronation jobs ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Merely the Catholic Pope had a considerable capacity to unite the provinces ; hence. merely the pontificate could originate such an ambitious enterprise like the Crusades ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The governments did recognize that Europe was really much susceptible to menaces from the Byzantine Empire and the Muslims ( Brehier. 1908 ) . However. the Catholic Pope could non easy convince people to take part in a bold journey like the Crusades for the ground of the mere chase of Jerusalem ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Fortunately for the Catholic Pope. the pressing issues with Syria were plenty to actuate Christians to ship on the Crusades. and Pope Urban II did non hold much trouble looking for participants ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The latter portion of the 5th century saw the uninterrupted exposure to the East. Cities such as Gaul and Italy were visited by Syrians who brought with them Eastern humanistic disciplines. civilization and faith ( Brehier. 1908 ) . In add-on. Western Christians have travelled to topographic points such as Syria. Palestine and Egypt. largely because they wanted to travel to Jerusalem. There were so many pilgrims journeies to the East. and even onslaughts by savages did non decrease the Numberss. As a response to the demands of the legion pilgrims journeies. St. Gregory the Great built a hospice for the pilgrims in Jerusalem in 600 AD ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The early portion of the 8th century saw the troubles the Anglo-saxons had to confront merely to make the Holy Land ( Brehier. 1908 ) . An illustration of such adversity which was the instance of St. Willibald. Bishop of Eichstadt. whose pilgrims journey lasted seven long old ages ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Following their victory in the West. the Carolingians sought to better the province of the Latin citizens situated in the Eastern district ( Brehier. 1908 ) . This determination resulted in the understanding between Pepin the Short and Caliph of Bagdad ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Through the representatives from Haroun al-Rashid. the â€Å"keys to the Holy Sepulchre. the streamer from Jerusalem and some cherished relics† were given to the King of Franks ( Brehier. 1908. parity. 6 ) on November 30. 800. This gesture was symbolic. as it came to mean the â€Å"Frankish associated state over the Christians of Jerusalem† ( Brehier. 1908. parity. 6 ) . Seventy old ages after. Bernard the Monk went on a journey to Jerusalem. and found that the agreement was still upheld. There was prosperity and growing for the constitutions. a testament to the regular sending of alms to Jerusalem from the West ( Brehier. 1908 ) . However. things began to alter by the 10th century. Europe was confronting a sociopolitical crisis. and the pilgrims journeies were all of a sudden disrupted by Muslims ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The Muslims. under the leading of Caliph Omar. have occupied Jerusalem in 637 AD ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . Since so. Jerusalem had been under Muslim control. Despite this. spiritual tolerance between the two religions existed ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . The Muslims gave the pilgrims permission to travel about with their spiritual enterprises. granted that they were to pay for them to be allowed entree ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . On the other manus. they prohibited the building of new churches and the exhibition of crosses outside church premises ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . The civil relation between Islam and Christianity was sustained for 400 old ages ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . until the torment occurred ( Sloan. 2000 ) . It was found that Muslims were hassling those that visited the Holy Land. which made the trips to Jerusalem about intolerable. The state of affairs got worse. as the Fatimite Caliph of Egypt named Hakem demanded that all Christian establishments destroyed in 1009. including the Holy Sepulchre. ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The wake of this event resulted in widespread Christian subjugation ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The twelvemonth 1027 saw the overthrow of the Frankish associated state. which was later replaced by the Byzantine emperors ( Brehier. 1908 ) . As a people. the Muslims were non conditioned to be ever at war ; it is their faith that is responsible for their combatant dispositions ( Madden. 2002 ) . This is because Islam had ever been rooted in war ( Madden. 2002 ) . Even during Mohammed’s epoch. Islam had to fall back to warfare to distribute its beliefs ( Madden. 2002 ) . Islamic thought had long upheld a duality of the universe through the two residences. the Abode of Islam and the Abode of War ( Madden. 2002 ) . Both residences were for Muslims merely. go forthing no room for any other faith. However. tolerance is still possible. but merely within the parametric quantities established by Islam ( Madden. 2002 ) . This tolerance. on the other manus. was non an original facet of Islam. Harmonizing to Islamic beliefs. the belongingss and districts of other faiths. such as Christianity and Judaism. should be eradicated and seized ( Madden. 2002 ) . This belief likely originated during the 7th century. the clip when Mohammed was contending against Mecca ( Madden. 2002 ) . Back so. Christianity was highly influential and had legion districts to its name. doing it susceptible to Muslim onslaughts ( Madden. 2002 ) . After Mohammed died. the Muslims devoted their lives to the conflict against Christianity ( Madden. 2002 ) . They did so win in this enterprise ; one by one. Christian districts fell in the custodies of the Muslims. Jerusalem included. Despite the Muslim bullying. pilgrims continued to continue to Jerusalem in the 11th century. If earlier pilgrims journeies consisted of members of the wealthier category. this clip even in-between category citizens participated in the pilgrims journeies ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The figure of pilgrims increased ; Richard. Abbot of Saint-Vannes. brought 700 pilgrims with him in 1026. while Gunther. Bishop of Bamberg. led 12. 000 Germans to the Holy Land ( Brehier. 1908 ) . It was Gunther’s group that had to support themselves from Bedouins. turn outing that the faithful were excessively devoted to the Holy Sepulchre to withdraw ( Brehier. 1908 ) . This is a testament to the dedication of the pilgrims. that even though they knew the danger inherent in the trip. they still proceeded. They would volitionally put on the line their lives for this spiritual enterprise. However. it was the Seljukian Turks who became the biggest menace to the pilgrims. the Byzantine Empire and Christendom as a whole ( Brehier. 1908 ) . One by one. districts were sacked and captured by the Turks: Jerusalem was the first to be captured. rapidly followed by Asia Minor. Syria and Antioch ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Soon. all the districts were under Turkish control. The offenses committed by the Turks against the Christians were plenty: shrines were desecrated. pilgrims were either beat up. kidnapped or killed. while relics and other belongingss were stolen. This state of affairs prompted the Constantinople emperors to inquire the Catholic Popes for aid. which resulted in communicating between Michael VII and Gregory VII ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The Purpose of Crusades Because of the Seljukian Turks’ onslaught towards Byzantine Empire and Christendom. the thought of the Crusades emerged. The initial thought consisted of the Catholic Pope directing out military personnels to the East with three aims in head: â€Å"to re-establish Christian integrity. repel the Turks. and rescue the Holy Sepulchre† ( Brehier. 1908. parity. 8 ) . Unfortunately. this program was non put into action ; there were several factors that served as hinderances. To get down with. the Investitures had the Catholic Pope preoccupied ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Besides. emperors Nicephorus Botaniates and Alexius Comnenus both disapproved of a Roman spiritual brotherhood. Last. the war that had all of a sudden erupted between the Normans of the Sicilies and the Byzantine Empire was another factor ( Brehier. 1908 ) . The Birth of the Campaign However. the Crusades still came into fruition. this clip under the authorization of Pope Urban II ( Brehier. 1908 ) . In fact. many historiographers consider the construct of the Crusades as Pope Urban II’s inspiration ( Brehier. 1908 ) . In the twelvemonth 1095. Pope Urban II had a conference in Clermont. France ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . After eight yearss. the Catholic Pope delivered a address to the crowd. in which he declared his desire to salvage Jerusalem from the custodies of the Muslims ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . Pope Urban II besides said that all those who would take part would hold unsusceptibility from the wickednesss that will be committed in the Crusades ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. ) . The crowd responded good to the pope’s call. and answered him with the statement: â€Å"It is the will of God† ( â€Å"The Crusaders. † n. d. . parity. 2 ) . The Unofficial Crusade under Peter the Hermit However. it was Peter the Hermit who started the Crusades. From Picardy. he had traveled to Jerusalem and saw the Holy Sepulchre for himself ( Brehier. 1908 ) . It was this visit that encouraged Peter the Hermit to near the Catholic Pope about his purposes about the Crusade. In bend. Pope Urban II gave Peter the Hermit his approval ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Hence. it was Peter the Hermit who led the first campaign. despite its unofficial position ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † n. d. ) . The campaign of Peter the Hermit began in 1095. in which he gave discourses to provincials to promote them to take part in the campaigns ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . As a consequence. he had gathered a little group of people who would travel to Jerusalem ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . It was Peter the Hermit’s ardor for prophesying that worked to his advantage. It was this quality that converted provincials into reformers. people who embraced his instructions so much that he was considered as a saint ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . Regardless of his part to the Crusades. the bookmans have downplayed his portion. doing him look less of import than how he was earlier portrayed by the likes of Albert of Aix and William of Tyre ( Brehier. 1908 ) . Unfortunately. the campaign of Peter the Hermit was unsuccessful. The reformers exhibited disorderly behavior while going ; they stole nutrient and supplies from the people’s places ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . In add-on. they killed Hebrews while they were still in the European district ( â€Å"The Crusades Begin. † 2007 ) . The first functionary Crusade had one simple aim: the retrieval of Jerusalem from Muslim control ( â€Å"The First Crusade. † 2008 ) . In a military position. this was the most winning among all the other Crusades ( United Methodist Women. n. d. ) . The first Crusade invaded the Holy Land. an onslaught that lasted for five hebdomads ( Metropolitan Museum of Art [ MET ] . 2007 ) . In 1099. Christianity had gained Jerusalem back ( MET. 2007 ) . The Second Crusade occurred between 1147 and 1149. and was led by Abbot Bernard of Clairvaux ( MET. 2007 ) . This was non every bit successful as the first 1. because the Muslim forces had regained their strength ( MET. 2007 ) . By October 1187. under the leading of Salah al-Din. the Muslim military personnels recaptured the Holy Land ( MET. 2007 ) . The Third Crusade was successful. insofar as it recaptured Cyprus and Acre metropolis ( MET. 2007 ) . The most destructive Campaign. non to advert the most dissatisfactory for the Church was the Fourth Crusade ( MET. 2007 ) . The Crusaders deviated from the original program. and attacked Constantinople alternatively ( MET. 2007 ) . There were three more Campaigns after. In decision. the Crusades were rooted in the defence against Muslim aggression. The chief intent of the Crusades was to repossess control over the Holy Land. and unite Christendom one time once more. The Crusades are so a important portion of history. as it plays a cardinal function in the development and growing of Islam and Christianity. Regardless of one’s faith. these events must be considered so that the errors committed in the past must non be repeated. In the terminal. the difference in faith must be celebrated and respected. Mentions AllAboutGod. com. ( 2008 ) . Crusades-battles. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. allaboutgod. com/crusades. htm Brehier. L. ( 1908 ) .The Catholic encyclopaedia( D. Potter. trans. ) New York: Robert Appleton Company. EyeWitnesstoHistory. com. ( n. d. ) . The reformers capture Jerusalem. 1099. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. eyewitnesstohistory. com/crusades. htm HistoryLearningSite. co. ( 2008 ) . The first campaign. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //historylearningsite. co. uk/cru2. htm Madden. T. F. ( 2002 ) . The existent history of the campaigns.Crisis Magazine. 20 ( 4 ). n. P. MedievalCrusades. com. ( 2007 ) . The church and the reformers. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. medievalcrusades. com/ MedievalCrusades. com. ( 2007 ) . The campaigns begin. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. medievalcrusades. com/crusadesbegin. htm Metropolitan Museum of Art. ( 2007 ) . The campaigns ( 1095-1291 ) . Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/crus/hd_crus. htm Sloan. J. ( 2000 ) . The campaigns in the Levant ( 1097-1291 ) . Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //xenophongroup. com/montjoie/crusade2. htm United Methodist Women. ( n. d. ) The Christian reformers. Retrieved February 8. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //gbgm-umc. org/UMW/bible/crusades. short-term memory

Diversity is about change essays

Diversity is about change essays Diversity is about change. Changes in population, changes in attitude, and changes in education. As this world continues to grow, meeting the challenges of diversity will also grow. Demographers across the world estimate that world population will increase to 10-11 billion by year 2050. United States makes up 4% of this total. The United States' population percentage of the world's total will grow because many people will immigrate to the U.S. As the immigration population of the U.S. increases, diversity challenges will also increase in intensity and number. If the population growth continues in an exponential fashion, we will exceed our carrying capacity, creating a tragic decline in population. Such a population "crash" generally means that one race will try to overcome another for control of resources. To address the critical issues I have mentioned we must have well educated people. Educated in ecology. Educated in diversity. Those who feel that a certain group is more superior and tries to subdue the less powerful will not be the people we need deciding policies for our nation. What will I do in my class to prepare our future leaders? This paper answers this question by focusing on: As discussed previously changes in population are inevitable. Even though the U.S. birth rate, on a global average, is fairly low our nation will most likely hold on to the title as the third most populous country in the world. This is due to immigration. Especially in border states, such as California and Texas. As this kind of population growth continues the U.S. will continue to increase in cultural diversity. The most common immigrant's are families. They want a better life for their children. They want religious freedom. They want an education. As these children enter our school systems, they bring diversity with them, diversity in skin col ...

The mail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The mail - Essay Example Repayment of the loan is also important to them and at what rate it will be repaid, I am planning to repay the loan in two years time since I have already registered three hundred students who are to commence their studies next year. I already have 0.5 million dollars as capital and the extra funds will enable me to rent offices, hire lecturers, buy office furniture and equipments, and advertise in the media and internet and also to obtain a license which is very expensive to obtain. The presentation is the key to the success or failure of my plans therefore after the presentation I want the audience to be confident and satisfied with my plan and offer me the money, if it's possible I would like them to ask me to consider their partnership in the company. The presentation will last for at most three hours, I will therefore need to have a visual aid which include an LCD projector, a laptop and in this case led me yours and also a hearing aid. I am therefore needed to have slides that will aid me in communicating to them.

PESTEL analysis for Bank Barclays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PESTEL analysis for Bank Barclays - Essay Example History of the Barclays Bank The history of the bank can be tracked down to the year 1690 when two persons named John Feame and Thomas Gould commenced trading in Lombard Street of London basically as goldsmith bankers. In the year 1736, James Barclay became a part of the operation and since then the name Barclays has been related with the bank, however, only in the year 1896 the company got its name as Barclays Bank. Barclays expanded it’s tentacles in business by acquiring a number of smaller operations in all these years and expanded its business all over the UK and worldwide (Financial Advice, n.d.). In the year 1925, the international operations of the bank gained acceleration after the mergers with Colonial Bank, National Bank of South Africa and Anglo Egyptian Bank. The year 1961 saw the opening of the bank’s first computer operated branch in London on Drummond Street. In 1966, the UK got its first credit card which was launched by the Barclays Bank. The first ban k to make use of advertising in the television was also the Barclays in 1972. The bank has also tied up with Post Office Ltd. to spread out its services in personal banking, particularly in the sector of unsecured and secured loans. The Barclays Bank is spread over 50 countries and attends to 27 million customers (The Origin of, 2008). PESTEL Analysis of the Banking Industry Political Analysis Banks in the UK are trying to draw on research performed by Pricewaterhouse Coopers and the study shows that rigid rules in the banking industry will drain a sum of ?1tn from the financial system. As a result of which the businesses and the households would be deprived of any form of credit and loans. The regulatory changes that are being made in 2011 would require the banks to keep larger capital cushions (Treanor, 2010). The â€Å"Big Four† banks in the UK that have resisted radical shake-up calls in their business after the announcement of the bank reform report are Royal Bank of Sco tland, Barclays, Lloyds Banking Group and HSBC. The expected subsidiarisation model states that allocation of capital has to be made to different country operations and units by the bank. This would eventually pressurise the top lenders of the UK for new capital requirements (Reuters, 2011). Economic Analysis Banking sectors are the basic providers of financial services. Therefore, the factors such as tax, inflation rate and interest rates have strong influence. According to the latest information it has been discovered that the banks in the UK that deals in loan primarily would be discussing about the prospects of expected investments by the tax payers, with the concerned authorities (Economy Watch, 2011). The UK is within the top 30 rich countries with the UK’s GDP per capita being $37,400. Out of which the contribution of the financial sector remains to be the highest being 76.2% of GDP (Economy Watch, 2011). Social Analysis Demographics influence the banking industry to a great extent. The factors that are having a significant impact in relation to banking sector are mortgage, living standard, total

Calls for Change in High School Mathematics Essay Example for Free

Calls for Change in High School Mathematics Essay Mathematic educators, parents and students are calling for proper changes in approaches to learning mathematics in high schools. The need to improve learning of mathematics in schools is highly recognized and underlined. Thus, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics published the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics that offered recommendations for high school mathematics reform. In addition, the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences in their official report ‘The Mathematical Sciences Curriculum K–12: What Is Still Fundamental and What Is Not’ stresses the importance of new topics and techniques in the secondary schools. New approaches should develop new learning techniques that would be discrete from statistics, mathematics, and emphasis on algebra and geometry should be properly re-assessed according to different abilities and needs of students who are taking mathematics course in the secondary school and high school respectively. The need for change and innovation is generally driven by emergence of advanced computing technologies that offers excellent opportunities for school educators to replace manipulative traditional techniques with more complex realistic problem-solving techniques. In its turn, the National Science Board Commission issued a report ‘Educating Americans for the 21st Century’ challenging courses in algebra and pre-calculus and stressing the importance of developing integrated mathematical sciences curriculum in the secondary school. Researchers argue that new curriculum will positively affect students’ achievement outcomes in the secondary and high schools. To make changes more effective teachers are required to understand the advantage of curriculum’s full scope and its consequences; students are required to support the expectations of classroom environment. The Core-Plus Mathematic Project is newly developed curriculum for high school mathematics. Of course, the Core-Plus Mathematic Project or CPMP curriculum is a matter of debates and controversies as not everyone admits the need of high school mathematics reforms. Nonetheless, the CPMP curriculum is worked out with assistance of mathematics education researchers, instructional specialists and classroom teachers. Moreover, the curriculum is shaped by empirical evidence gathered from students and teachers who are willing to participate in field testing. In particular, organization of mathematics curriculum should be interpreted in terms of teaching and assessment recommendations and should follow the standards set in the above-mentioned reports. New mathematics curriculum is a three-year mathematics course for high-school students who are allowed to take the fourth year to prepare for college mathematics. Newly designed curriculum differs from more traditional approaches as new curriculum encourages students’ understanding of mathematics – statistics, probability, algebra, geometry, trigonometry and discrete mathematics. Learning mathematics is developed in focused units that combine fundamental ideas with mathematical habits of mind. It means that new curriculum stresses the need to connect function, data analysis and symmetry with recursive and visual thinking. In contrast to traditional approaches to mathematics, new curriculum emphasizes the role of mathematical modeling and problem-solving instead of simple calculus. Researchers say the primary goal of curriculum improvement is to enhance students’ understanding and comprehension of key mathematical processes and concepts, to enhance student’s ability to use mathematical concepts in real-world problem-solving. Graphic calculators should enhance students’ understanding and abilities to solve authentic problems. Improved instructional materials encourage active teaching and learning processes that will primarily focus on problem situations, abstraction and analysis. Oral and written communication, reasoning with ability to represent, and conceptual understanding are highly appreciated and encouraged. All courses centre on mathematical reasoning and thinking with abilities to develop formal proof. Additional fourth year course will allow to keep students, who prepare for college mathematics, despite whether their undergraduate program is based on calculus. Students interested in mathematics are encouraged to be accelerated into the fourth course year. Today, many researches are focus on identifying whether new curriculum meets its specific goals. In particular, they try to reveal whether the learning outcomes based on new patterns of mathematics learning process differ from outcomes based on more traditional curriculum. During the past eight years researchers conducted various studies to examine mathematical achievement in classroom with CPMP curricula. Research studies have revealed that performance of CPMP students is much better than that of students with traditional interpretation of mathematical representation. It means that problem-solving and recursive thinking appear to be more effective in learning mathematics than simple understanding of key concepts of processes. Further, CPMP students are characterized by higher grade results at the end of the years than students with traditional approach to mathematics. Summing up, recent researches have indicated that CPMP students perform better than students with traditional curriculum. CPMP students are characterized by better abilities to interpret mathematical representation and calculation, to measure conceptual understanding and to recognize the importance of problem-solving. CPMP students are better in probability and statistics, algebraic manipulative skills, etc. Nonetheless, researchers argue that student’s success in college mathematics doesn’t fully depend on CPMP curriculum. Other factors, as, for example, student’s attentiveness, readiness to participate in learning process, self-awareness, classroom environment, play their important role in student’s high school mathematics performance. With guidance from educators, researchers and teachers, curriculum developers will be able to build on stronger patters of student outcomes. References Schoen, H. L. , Hirsch, Ch. R. (2003). Responding to Calls for Change in High School Mathematics: Implications for Collegiate Mathematics. The Mathematical Association of America Monthly, February, pp. 109-123. Available on-line from http://www. jstor. org/stable/3647770 .

Writing Curriculums: An International Perspective :: Essays Papers

Writing Curriculums: An International Perspective Introduction: According to Dr Samuel Johnson, rhetoric is essential to modern-day communication. Yet, the importance of writing is being overlooked. In part this can be explained for the reason that writing is not a new invention, thus universally writing is being taken for granted (â€Å"Writing System Alternativs†). Further, due to the familiarity of rhetoric research and improvement to the system is also almost completely being ignored (â€Å"Writing System Alternativs†). In the United States there are no national standard writing curriculums required at university levels, however more capita per year is spent on writing programs in school systems here than other countries throughout the world. Unfortunately, these generous contributions to society continue to result in poor writing, unoriginal composition, and a consistently high illiteracy rates (â€Å"Writing System Alternativs†). Here, at Syracuse University, writing 105 and 205 are required for almost all majors. However, not all schools throughout the university, and other universities abide by the same requirements. Subsequently, this requirement is to some extent peculiar because it does not exist everywhere. Thus, in attempting to explain the writing curriculum requirements at Syracuse University it may be beneficial to consider writing requirements at university levels throughout other countries around the world International (Writing) Curriculum Summaries: In an article written by Alistair Ross, a Professor of Education at the University of North London, Ross notes that it was not until 1988 that a national curriculum was taken upon by the United Kingdom. Prior to 1988 branches of learning, including writing classes, were strongly suggested but not mandatory (Ross). Today, English writing programs in the UK are required from ages 5 to 16, but thereafter are no longer mandatory (Ross). However, it is important to recognize that this national curriculum does not include writing course requirements for students attending universities in the United Kingdom. Similar to the UK, Japan also has a national writing curriculum that extends until college. In an article about Japanese educational systems, taken from the Department of Education, education in Japan is described as â€Å"very rapid† (Mackey). National curriculums from elementary to high school cover an array of material that ranges from Japanese writing to Humanities (Mackey). After the completion of high school many students attend universities throughout the country, however at this point curriculum https://sv1.123helpme.com/servlet/p1.PaperAdminControllerrequirements (including writing) are no longer applied (Mackey).

Water Diuresis in Man Practical Report Essay

INTRODUCTION The body needs to maintain equilibrium to function properly in everyday life. The most important substance it must regulate is water; water is everywhere in our body and its balance is essential for proper body function. A very carefully regulated process is solute concentration. If there is a sudden increase in water which enters the extracellular fluid, sodium ions will then contribute less to the extracellular solute concentration as the ratio between water and solute has now changed. Osmolality is the amount of solute in a kilogram, hence the osmolality in the extracellular space has also decreased. Water diuresis is the increase in urinary water excreted with little or no change in the solute excretion. Excess water needs to be excreted to maintain a good balance of water and solute inside the body. The aim of this practical is to test the effects of strenuous exercise and desmopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) on urine flow and urine sodium concentration. We will be testing the hypotheses that vigorous exercise will decrease urine flow and increase urine sodium concentration, whereas desmopressin will have the opposite effect of decreased urine flow and increased sodium concentration. Use the class data (refer to the appropriate figures in your discussion). (a) What happens to the rate of urine production (i.e. urine flow) for the three procedures (i.e. control, desmopressin and exercise)? Use your knowledge of statistics to evaluate the evidence that the responses after the treatments (i.e. desmopressin and exercise) differed from that in the control subjects. Explain the following (including the underlying mechanisms): i. why there is a delay in the onset of the diuresis after water loading in the control subject (A); ii. the effects of administered desmopressin on the diuresis (subject B); iii. the mechanisms by which a single session of vigorous exercise affects the diuresis produced by the water load (subject C). After drinking water, the control and test subjects had gradual increase of urine flow, reaching a peak then decreasing again, whereas the desmopressin subject had decreased urine flow after taking the hormone, thereafter plateauing. According to the Dunnett’s t test between the urine flow of the subjects, the urine flow of the treatment subjects was significantly different to that of the control. There is a delay in the onset of diuresis after loading in the control subject as it takes time for the water to be filtered in the body. Water is absorbed from the gut into the extracellular fluid. Osmoreceptors from the posterior pituitary detect the water through cell stretch and initiate responses that control ADH secretion (Widmaier et al., 2014). Fluids are filtered through the kidneys and the excess water is transported to the bladder where it will then be excreted. Desmopressin decreases the urine volume excreted. Desmopressin is a synthetic substitute  for anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). ADH acts on the kidneys to reabsorb water. Due to increased water reabsorption, diuresis (urine volume) is decreased. A single session of vigorous exercise sharply decreases the urine flow and hence, diuresis. During exercise, you lose sodium and water by sweating so the kidney works to reabsorb the water so you are not dehydrated. This results in more concentrated urine. (b) If a control subject was dehydrated at the beginning of the practical class, how would you expect this to affect their response to the water load? They would retain some of the water and hence would have decreased urine excretion compared to someone who is well hydrated. (c) What effect does alcohol have on water diuresis? What is the mechanism of the action of alcohol on a water diuresis? Alcohol inhibits the pituitary secretion of ADH, which acts on the kidneys to reabsorb water. Because ADH levels drop, the kidneys do not reabsorb as much water and hence produce more urine, causing increased water diuresis. (d) Use the class graphs and statistical analysis of the urine sodium concentration to determine if this is different for the control and desmopressin subjects. Do you think there a relationship between urine flow and the urine sodium concentration? According to the statistical analysis, the difference between the control and desmopressin subjects for sodium urine concentration were significantly different. Looking at the class graphs, this is also true; the graph values vary significantly. There seems to be an inverse relationship between urine flow and urine sodium concentration. When the urine flow is high, the urine sodium concentration is relatively low and vice versa. (e) Use the class graphs and statistical analysis of the sodium excretion rate to determine if this is different for the control and desmopressin subjects. Do you think there a relationship between urine flow and the sodium excretion rate? According to the statistical analysis, the sodium excretion rate for the control and desmopressin subjects are not significantly different. This can also be seem from the class graphs; they  follow similar values. There does not seem to be a high correlation between urine flow and sodium excretion rate. After taking desmopressin, the subjects’ sodium secretion rate is similar to the control’s, however, the urine flow is noticeably decreased after drinking water. Looking at the exercise subjects, their sodium excretion is lower than the other subjects after drinking water, however their urine flow after a few samples is significantly increased. (f)Complete the following table: Stimulus Type/Site of Receptors ADH Response Physiological response on Urine Volume Physiological response on Blood Volume Increased osmolality (dehydration) Osmoreceptors High ADH levels Decreased Decreased Decreased osmolality Osmoreceptors Low ADH levels Increased Increased Increased blood volume Baroreceptors Decreased ADH secretion Increased Increased Decreased blood volume Barereceptors Increased ADH secretion Decreased Decreased CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that strenuous exercise decreases urine flow and hence will increase the concentration of urine. Desmopressin decreased urine flow and due to this increased water excretion, also decreased the concentration of urine. REFERENCES: Widmaier, EP, Raff, H & Strang, KT (2014). Vander’s Human Physiology. The Mechanisms of Body Function. MCGraw Hill, Chapter 14, page 499.

The Importance Of Disclosure Of Transgender Identity

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